Computer News

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THE ARTICLES AND ADS OPEN IN A POP UP WINDOWS SO KINDLY ALLOW THE POP UPS IN YOUR INTERNET EXPLORER OR FIREWALL.

http://www.computernews.in/epaper/thisweek/html/paper.html

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Inspirational Lecture

Inspirational lecture on Shaheed Bhagat Singh is given by Sh, Jagmohan Singh Ji on 21 of November.

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Diff b/w Bibliography and References

1 . Bibliography is listing all the materials that have been consulted while writing an essay or a book.    
     References, on the other hand, are those that have been referenced in your article or book.

2.  Bibliography is not directly included in the text.
     References are those that are directly included in your actual text.

3.  Both bibliography and references are arranged alphabetically.
     But a Reference list can also be arranged in Numeric style.

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virus..worm..trojan..spyware

VIRUS : is a program to cause damage to computer.

TROJAN : is a program which is used to gain access to a computer by installing a program on infected PC to open some backdoor. [Trojans are also known as Backdoors].

 WORM : is a program which infects the computers which are connected by some network. Worms slow down the network.

SPYWARE : are the program which are used to monitor/Log the activity performed on a computer. These are used to spy on some one either for legal or illegal perpose. Example: Keylogger applications.

 AD-WARES : are the programs which delivers ads to your computer (generally in POP-UP's form). They consume your network.

 MAL-WARES:  are the program with malicious intention. It can be damaging your computer, spying on you or any other malicious task.

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About JPG/GIF/PNG....if u wana know!!!

JPEG/JPG

Short for Joint Photographic Experts Group, the original name of the committee that wrote the standard. JPG is one of the image file formats supported on the Web. JPG is a lossy compression technique that is designed to compress color and grayscale continuous-tone images. The information that is discarded in the compression is information that the human eye cannot detect. JPG images support 16 million colors and are best suited for photographs and complex graphics. The user typically has to compromise on either the quality of the image or the size of the file. JPG does not work well on line drawings, lettering or simple graphics because there is not a lot of the image that can be thrown out in the lossy process, so the image loses clarity and sharpness.

GIF

Unlike JPG, the GIF format is a lossless compression technique and it supports only 256 colors. GIF is better than JPG for images with only a few distinct colors, such as line drawings, black and white images and small text that is only a few pixels high. With an animation editor, GIF images can be put together for animated images. GIF also supports transparency, where the background color can be set to transparent in order to let the color on the underlying Web page to show through. The compression algorithm used in the GIF format is owned by Unisys, and companies that use the algorithm are supposed to license the use from Unisys.

 

PNG

Short for Portable Network Graphics, the third graphics standard supported by the Web (though not supported by all browsers). PNG was developed as a patent-free answer to the GIF format but is also an improvement on the GIF technique. An image in a lossless PNG file can be 5%-25% more compressed than a GIF file of the same image. PNG builds on the idea of transparency in GIF images and allows the control of the degree of transparency, known as opacity. Saving, restoring and re-saving a PNG image will not degrade its quality. PNG does not support animation like GIF does.
*Unisys announced in 1995 that it would require people to pay licensing fees in order to use GIF. This does not mean that anyone who creates or uses a GIF image has to pay for it. Authors writing programs that output GIF images are subject to licensing fees.
 

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Must Read full :- If we cant change system, atleast we should change ourself

must read !!!

Must Read full :- If we cant change system, atleast we should change ourself

SERVICE TAX At Restaurants - VERY IMPORTANT !!!
Interesting.
I find restaurant bills often so confusing,
I just give up and pay the amount shown n the bottom line

.

Perhaps we shouldn't.

Incidentally, I also resent the inclusion of Service Charges in
restaurant bills, because it assumes that I was satisfied with the
service. Just a matter of principle. Service Charge should be
something I leave behind at my personal discretion.
I recently demanded that the service charge be removed as the service was non-existent. After a short - very short! - discussion, it was removed. About Service Tax..... Be aware


This happened at the restaurant.

Let me explain.

We had been to several restaurants recently. I observed that "service
tax" was being misused in the way it was being charged to customers.

Let me give an example.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Food and Beverage = Rs. 1000.00

Service Charges @ 10% = Rs. 100.00

Service Tax @ 4.94% = Rs. 54.34 (on F&B + Service Charges)

VAT @14.5% = Rs. 145.00

Total = Rs. 1299.34


As per the definition - "Service Tax can be charged ONLY for the

services provided to the customer".


Now, see what is happening here in the above example.


Service Tax should be charged only on the Service Charge amount i.e
Rs.100 ONLY, and NOT on the entire amount (1000+100).

In this example, the customer should be charged only Rs 4.94, whereas
he has been charged Rs. 49.00 extra.

Where does this money go?
Only the restaurant owner and the chartered accountants who work for them know.

· So, I have started asking them the questions - and am
surprised to see the reaction from famous restaurants. Either they
say: "Sir we cannot change the format of the bill - so , we will
recalculate and tell you the revised amount. You may pay only that."

OR

· "Sir, you do not need to pay the Service Tax amount itself"!!

I now have 3 to 4 restaurant bills, but for which I have paid only the
service tax on the service charge and NOT on the total amount.



Every bill MUST carry the TIN number and Service Tax Number, if they
charge it. So . . . , I ask for the Service tax number if it is not
available in the receipt that they provide.

As we cannot go to any government official and ask them to get this
right - because of our system.

Please remember - we cannot change any political leader - but we can
change ourselves.

If we change ourselves - things will change.

Please do share this with every one of your friends and known people.

Ask for the right tax calculation
and
Pay only the tax which is supposed to be paid.

Verify every bill and receipt that you make payment on.

"Please share if you think its worth"

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Curing depression and super-charging cranial capacity with deep brain stimulation

Last year, we wrote about a technology called tDCS — transcranial direct current stimulation — that improves your mental acuity by passing a small electrical current through your brain. The US Army and DARPA are already using tDCS to speed up the training of drone pilots and snipers, and one university study even showed tDCS to improve the performance of video game players.

tDCS applies a tiny current (a few volts @ 2mA) to your brain via two electrodes attached to your scalp. Depending on where the electrodes are placed, the current flows through a specific region of your brain, making the neurons more sensitive (i.e. faster-reacting) and increasing their plasticity (better at learning). It really is as simple as it sounds, and you can build your own tDCS equipment very easily. We obviously can’t vouch for its safety, but negative side effects seem to be surprisingly rare.

FULL INFO:- http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/137787-curing-depression-and-super-charging-cranial-capacity-with-deep-brain-stimulation

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How wireless charging works

PAGE LINK:- http://www.extremetech.com/electronics/137729-how-wireless-charging-works

The fact that over 200,000 people have downloaded one of the various “shake to charge” apps, now available from Google Play, indicates our willingness to suspend any form of practical reasoning in pursuit of the dream of wireless charging. A quick investigation of the source code would likely reveal these apps do little more than to link the interrupt signal from the accelerometer to a progress bar indicating an alleged battery charge. A piezoelectric accelerometer could generate a small voltage secondary to deformations induced by rapid motions applied to it, however trying to use that millivolt signal to charge a battery would not be practical. In order words, shaking your smartphone isn’t going to do anything but get your arm tired.

During any energy conversion there will be losses in going from one form to another. The magnitude of those losses is what dictates the practicality of any type of wireless charging. Magnetic or inductive charging, in particular has been effectively used for some time to power various kinds of biomedical implants. Presently it is the safest and most enduring method to accomplish the job of transferring power to the inside of the body. In these systems, oscillating current in an external coil of wire generates a changing magnetic field which induces a voltage inside an implanted coil. The current resultant from this voltage can charge a battery or power the device directly.

While a moving magnet might just as well be used to externally generate the field, an external coil is simply more practical. Apple has just filed a patent for hardware which could make the shake to charge concept a reality, at least in theory. They claim a unique design incorporating internal moveable magnets, and a flat printed circuit board coil. Current chip efficiencies will however preclude practical implementation of this scheme for some time. Many smartphone users will be wondering wonder whether their near field communication (NFC) chip can be used to harvest power from a dedicated external source, or perhaps an ambient electromagnetic source like WiFi. In theory it is possible and such systems are on the market already, however not every NFC chip would be up to the task. To achieve maximum efficiency the system should be optimized for a use at a particular separation distance, angle of incidence, phase, and frequency such that it is in a resonant condition.

Resonance in an electromagnetic system can be likened to pushing a child on swing only when the swing is at the high point. Anywhere else and the energy transferred to the child will be reduced. If the separation distance is no more than a quarter of the wavelength, such a system can operate at efficiencies up to 35%.

One thing to keep in mind when considering wireless charging: If your charging system is throwing away nearly all of the 10 or so amps available from your wall outlet just to provide you with convenient at-a-distance charging, not only will charging be wasteful but it will be slow. Other wireless charging technologies relying on ultrasound or solar power are being developed, for example by Ubeam. For the time being, however, magnetic inductive charging technologies — spearheaded by the Qi consortium and smartphones like the Nokia Lumia 920 — such have taken the stage.

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